Fig. 6

Human transcriptomic and histopathological analysis. (A) Histopathological observations of NE specimen (A1 to A3) and control (A4 to A6) using Hematoxylin and eosin stain with X1, X2, and X10 scanning magnifications. Observations A1 to A3 reveal ulcerated mucosa with fibrino-leukocytic exudate, edema, and vascular congestion. Scales are reported on the right of the control images (B) Dot plot illustrating the principal transcriptomic coordinates of the 5 NE samples and 4 controls. (C) Volcano plot illustrating the down-regulated and up-regulated genes in NE colic samples compared to the controls. Genes were considered unchanged when padj was > 0.05 and L₂FC < ⎟2⎜. (D) Bar plot of the normalized enrichment scores of the 20 most significative up-regulated KEGG-pathways in the NE’s human transcriptomic analysis compared to the controls. (E) Heatmap of the Jak-STAT signaling KEGG pathway (hsa04630). (F) Bow plots comparing between NE samples and controls the normalized expression count for the most significant genes of the Jak-STAT pathway: STAT1, IL-24, CSF3, and genes from the IL-6 family (IL-6, LIF, OSMR). Specific Mann-Whitney comparison of padj < 0.001 was considered statistically significant