Fig. 1

NHD13 mice exhibit increased MCV and decreased HGB, indicating increased ineffective erythropoiesis. A Hemoglobin (HGB), red blood cell and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in peripheral blood (PB) of different time points of NHD13 mice and WT mice (n = 12–20 mice per group). B–D Comparison of disease phenotypes between NHD13 mice and WT mice at 12 and 20 weeks. B Absolute BM cell numbers per single femur at 12 and 20 weeks of age. C Absolute Ter119⁺ erythroid cells per femur at 12 and 20 weeks of age (n = 3–5 mice per group). D Spleen weight relative to body weight between NHD13 and WT mice at 12 and 20 weeks (n = 3–5 mice per group). E Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of the NHD13 and WT mice (NHD13, n = 34; WT, n = 30). F Morphology of BM and spleen biopsy specimens from 20-week NHD13 and age-matched WT mice. BM and spleen histopathological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). NHD13 mice showed significant erythroid hypoplasia in BM specimens and disrupted structure of the spleens, characterized by increased red pulp, scale bar: 200μm. G The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining images of cytospin nucleated erythrocytes from BM of mice with different genotypes highlight PAS-positive nucleated erythrocytes in NHD13 mice; → : PAS-positive nucleated erythrocyte. H Wright-Giemsa staining on cytospin BM smears from NHD13 mice and WT mice; ⇒: binucleate erythrocyte; Panel G-H, scale bar: 50μm